Is Sperm Hyaluronidase Indispensable in Mammalian Fertilization?
نویسنده
چکیده
Fertilization involves several precisely coordinated steps, including sperm dispersal of the oocyte cumulus mass, adhesion and binding to the zona pellucida, penetration through the zona pellucida, and fusion with the oocyte. Hyaluronidase, which is present in the sperm head, is known to be essential for the decomposition of the oocyte cumulus mass. Interestingly, two types of hyaluronidase—SPAM1 and —Hyal5 have been discovered in rodents, while only SPAM1 has been reported in other mammals such as pigs and humans. SPAM1 localizes to the plasma membrane of the sperm, while Hyal5 is present on the plasma and the outer acrosomal membranes. Male mice lacking either one of these two hyaluronidases can fertilize normally, suggesting that neither SPAM1 nor Hyal5 is essential for fertilization in mice. Although it has been 30 years since the discovery of hyaluronidase, its role in fertilization remains unclear. This review focuses on whether hyaluronidase is essential for fertilization in mammals.
منابع مشابه
Sperm penetration through cumulus mass and zona pellucida.
Mammalian fertilization requires sperm to penetrate the cumulus mass and egg zona pellucida prior to fusion with the egg. Although sperm penetration through these physical barriers is essential, the molecular mechanism has not yet been completely elucidated. In addition to sperm motility, hyaluronan-hydrolyzing and proteolytic enzymes of sperm have been suggested to participate in the penetrati...
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